Python data types

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 Data Types in Python

Python has a number of built-in data types which are used to store different types of values. 

Here is a brief overview of some of the built-in data types in Python:

  1. Integers: Integers are whole numbers, such as 1, 2, or -5. They can be used for mathematical operations and can be positive or negative.
  2. Floating-point numbers: Floating-point numbers are numbers with decimal points, such as 3.14 or -0.5. They are used for decimal arithmetic and can also be positive or negative.
  3. Strings: Strings are sequences of characters, such as "hello" or "python". They can be used to store and manipulate text data.
  4. Lists: Lists are ordered collections of items, such as [1, 2, 3] or ['a', 'b', 'c']. Lists can contain items of any data type, and items can be added, removed, or modified.
  5. Dictionaries: Dictionaries are unordered collections of key-value pairs, such as {'name': 'John', 'age': 30}. Dictionaries are also known as associative arrays or hash maps. They are used to store and retrieve data quickly based on a unique key.
  6. Tuples: Tuples are similar to lists, but they are immutable, meaning they cannot be modified once they are created. They are defined by enclosing items in parentheses, and separated by commas. They are used to store a collection of related data, and like lists, can store multiple data types.
  7. Sets: Sets are unordered collections of unique items, like {1, 2, 3} or {'a', 'b', 'c'}. Sets are similar to mathematical sets, and can be used for operations such as union and intersection.
  8. Boolean: Boolean is a data type that can only have two values: True or False. They are mostly used in control structures such as if-else statements.
  9. None: The None type is used to represent the absence of a value or a null value. It is an object of its own datatype - NoneType.
Additionally, Python also supports user-defined data types, such as classes and objects, which can be used to create custom data structures and objects. 

In Python, you don't need to specify the data type of a variable when you declare it, unlike in some other programming languages. Python is a dynamically-typed language, which means that the data type of a variable is determined at runtime based on the value that is assigned to it.

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